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Understanding The Basics Of Congruency

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Soal Kesebangunan Dan Kekongruenan
Understanding The Basics Of Congruency

Understanding the Basics of Congruency

Congruency is a basic concept in mathematics that is often used for problem solving. It is one of the most important topics in geometry and is used to determine the properties of shapes and figures. This article will explain the basics of congruency and provide some examples of congruency problems.

What is Congruency?

Congruency is a concept that states that two shapes are congruent if they are the same size and shape. This means that if two figures are congruent, they have the same length and angles. Congruency can also be used to describe two points, line segments, angles, or circles.

Examples of Congruency

One example of congruency is two identical triangles. If two triangles have the same length of sides and the same angles, then they are congruent. Another example is two circles with the same radius. If two circles have the same radius, then they are congruent.

Types of Congruency

There are three types of congruency: side-side-side (SSS), angle-side-angle (ASA), and side-angle-side (SAS). The SSS congruency states that if three sides of two triangles are the same, then the two triangles are congruent. The ASA congruency states that if two angles and the side between them are the same, then the two triangles are congruent. Lastly, the SAS congruency states that if two sides and the angle between them are the same, then the two triangles are congruent.

Congruency Tests

To determine if two shapes are congruent, a congruency test can be used. The congruency test consists of two parts: checking for congruence in length and angles. For example, if two triangles have the same length of sides, then the length test is passed. If the angles of the two triangles are the same, then the angle test is passed. If both tests are passed, then the two triangles are congruent.

Contoh Soal Kesebangunan

Untuk menguji kesebangunan, berikut adalah contoh soal kesebangunan yang dapat dikerjakan:

Soal 1

Tentukan mana dari bentuk berikut yang sebangun?

  • A. Sebuah jajar genjang dengan panjang sisi 5 cm dan tinggi 3 cm.
  • B. Dua buah segitiga dengan panjang sisi 6 cm, 4 cm, dan 6 cm.
  • C. Dua buah segitiga dengan panjang sisi 5 cm, 4 cm, dan 6 cm.

Jawabannya adalah pilihan C. Kedua segitiga memiliki panjang sisi yang sama, sehingga kedua segitiga tersebut sebangun.

Soal 2

Tentukan mana dari bentuk berikut yang sebangun?

  • A. Dua buah jajar genjang dengan panjang sisi 7 cm dan tinggi 3 cm.
  • B. Dua buah jajar genjang dengan panjang sisi 5 cm dan tinggi 3 cm.
  • C. Dua buah segitiga dengan panjang sisi 8 cm, 8 cm, dan 6 cm.

Jawabannya adalah pilihan B. Kedua jajar genjang memiliki panjang sisi dan tinggi yang sama, sehingga kedua jajar genjang tersebut sebangun.

Conclusion

In conclusion, congruency is a basic concept in mathematics that is used for problem solving. Congruency is used to determine the properties of shapes and figures. There are three types of congruency: side-side-side (SSS), angle-side-angle (ASA), and side-angle-side (SAS). To determine if two shapes are congruent, a congruency test can be used. Understanding the basics of congruency can help make problem solving easier.

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